The influence of personality traits on cognitive performance: An empirical study using the 16PF-5 and WAIS-IV in young adults
Marco Zuin, Vanessa Donadel
Numerous studies have investigated the relationship between intelligence and personality, often yielding conflicting results. This study examines this relationship in a sample of young adults (N = 83), hypothesizing that intelligence, given its role in guiding thought and behavior, can be integrated into general personality models. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Fourth Edition and the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire – Fifth Edition were administered.
Through stepwise multiple regression analysis, several interesting relationships between personality traits and cognitive components were identified. The multiple regression model with IQ as the dependent variable revealed that the traits Dominance, Vigilance, Abstractedness, Prudence, and Self-Reliance account for 33.5% of the variance. The Verbal Comprehension Index was significantly predicted by Vigilance, Abstractedness, Prudence, and Self-Reliance, explaining 28% of the variance. The Perceptual Reasoning Index was predicted by Dominance, Prudence, Self-Reliance, and Tension, accounting for 16.6% of the variance. The Working Memory Index indicated that Rule-Conscientiousness and Vigilance explained 19.3% of the variance. Finally, the Processing Speed Index was predicted by Dominance, Liveliness, Social Boldness, Vigilance, and Abstractedness, which together explained 17% of the variance. These findings highlight how specific personality traits may differentially contribute to cognitive performance in young adults.
Keywords
Intelligence, personality, young adults.